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Semantic Enrichment Component
Doležal, Jan ; Otrusina, Lubomír (referee) ; Dytrych, Jaroslav (advisor)
This master's thesis describes Semantic Enrichment Component (SEC), that searches entities (e.g., persons or places) in the input text document and returns information about them. The goals of this component are to create a single interface for named entity recognition tools, to enable parallel document processing, to save memory while using the knowledge base, and to speed up access to its content. To achieve these goals, the output of the named entity recognition tools in the text was specified, the tool for storing the preprocessed knowledge base into the shared memory was implemented, and the client-server scheme was used to create the component.
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Supporting of motivation for reading and text comprehension through working with illustration (the artistic component of a literary work) in kindergarten
Mihulová, Veronika ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Havlová, Jana (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis looks at promoting motivation for reading and understanding the text through working with the book and illustrating it, with a focus on working in nursery school. I chose this theme in particular because a positive relationship with books and an understanding of a given text, already developed in preschool, forms the basis for children to live. In school they will learn to read and write, they will need to understand the assignment, and these all activities, aimed at working with the book and illustrating it, just include reading preliteracy. Understanding the text is one of the reading skills we strive to develop in preschool. It is a complex of thought processes that lead to the understanding of the read text. Understanding reveals the content of the text. In this preschool period, therefore, we try to create the most positive relationship with written text, motivate children to read, write and develop the areas needed for future reading in a non-violent way. More specifically, the work focuses on children in their final year of kindergarten, that is, children before entering primary school. The research was carried out with the entire class, but also focused on 6 pre-selected preschool-age children and observed their relationship to books, book work and level of text...
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Reader's perception of printed and displayed text
Piskáčková, Klára ; Drobíková, Barbora (advisor) ; Bouda, Tomáš (referee)
(in English): This thesis is conceived as a metareview of research on differences in perception, understanding and retention of text on various display media. It summarizes the results of the most interesting and most relevant research on this topic conducted since the 80s to the present. Even though it is difficult to summarize the results of individual studies, mainly because of differences in research methodology and differently chosen tested samples, we can say that the main finding of this metareview is that display technologies that are available these days have no negative effect on eye fatigue, reading speed, perception, understanding or retention of text. Theoretical part of this thesis is followed by practical part that consists of three short experiments performed on a small sample of participants. First of those experiments studies differences in reading comprehension and retention among high school students, second experiment focuses on differences in reading speed on different media and subjective evaluation of eye fatigue, and the third experiment is an online form about subjective preferences of study materials among learners.
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Text comprehension in primary school students in term of oral reading and listening comprehension
Kubíková, Adéla ; Špačková, Klára (referee)
The presented rigorous thesis is based on my diploma thesis that aimed to map the levels of comprehension of the narrative text for students of the fourth grade of elementary school. The thesis deals with the comprehension of the text in terms of listening and oral reading. The rigorous thesis is traditionally divided into a theoretical and empirical part. The first part of the thesis presents the theoretical background of research issues of understanding the read and listened text with a focus on comparing these skills from the perspective of Czech and foreign studies. Attention is also focused on the text properties affecting reading comprehension, as well as the diagnostics of reading and assumptions that are reflected in the reader's understanding. The focus of this thesis is its empirical part, which compares the conclusions of its own research with the results of the three-year research project GAČR - Reading comprehension - typical development and its risk. The rigorous work responds to the conclusions of the above-mentioned research project, which came to different conclusions than international research studies. The main goal of the presented thesis is to clarify the cause of this difference. One of the considered factors is the different level of the comprehension texts. The research...
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Supporting Reading of Pupils with Dyslexia in Secondary Schools
Horáková, Barbora ; Němec, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of reading of the pupils with dyslexia and the possible support. It is focused on the methods of support and the strategies used by their teachers to develop reading of dyslectic pupils. In the first part, there is a theoretical definition of dyslexia, distinctive features of this diagnosis, diagnostic and education of dyslectic pupils. Further, reading is discussed from a theoretical viewpoint. These two aspects are interconnected and other factors like teaching, the teacher or the personality of the child come in. Then we deal with the methods that can help to improve the level of reading. The fundamental part is dedicated to the methods used for the support and positive influence on dyslectic pupils' reading. The thesis offers suggestions and inspiration for future and current teachers how to approximate reading to their dyslectic pupils. It also deals with some problems occurring in the profession. The aim of this diploma thesis was to learn what strategies teachers in lower- secondary schools use to develop reading literacy of their pupils with dyslexia. In the research, the qualitative method was applied and structured interviews with the lower-secondary teachers experienced in education of dyslectic children were utilized to get information. Research...
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Working with illustration in kindergarten as a support of reading comprehension
Richterová, Kristýna ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Rybárová, Eva (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the topic of work with illustration in kindergarten as support to understanding a text that is read aloud. The aim is to design and verify methods of working with illustrations in kindergarten that support the understanding of a text that is read aloud to preschool children. In the theoretical part of the thesis, I deal with illustration, visual literacy, method of working with a book, understanding a text (read aloud) and the characteristics of preschool children with regard to the topic of the thesis. Subsequently, I apply this knowledge in the practical implementations. In the practical part, I propose and verify methods of working with illustration in kindergarten which should support the understanding of a text that is read aloud to preschool children. The thesis is focused on qualitative research in which I compared differences between research and experimental group sample. First, I tested the level of skill of all twenty children when working with illustrations and understanding of a text read aloud (both research and experimental group samples). Then I put together seven preparations where I focused on the development of reading strategies and I supported the children in the understanding of the text read aloud on the basis of selected expected outcomes...
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Reading cubes and their role for reading pre-literacy development
Waldaufová, Petra ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Ronková, Jolana (referee)
This thesis focuses on work with reading cubes and with game named Story Cubes. It deals with possibilities how to use it to support reading literacy, understanding of text and speech development of pre-school children. The theoretical part first introduces characteristics of preschool children and describes reading literacy development in preschool age. Then it deals with principles of work with reading cubes and Story Cubes and with possibilities to use it in kindergarten. The thesis also includes a practical part which suggests other usage options for reading cubes. There are created specific lessons with reading cubes for preschool children, which follow the rules and recommendations mentioned in the theoretical part. These lessons were repeatedly implemented at kindergarten to be able to observe reading literacy development of each child in time. The hypothesis that preschool children can use selected reading strategies while working with reading cubes, and at the same time, these readership activities support the interest of children in books and related activities, proved to be correct. These children also expanded their vocabulary and improved expressing abilities through Story Cubes activities. KEYWORDS reading pre-literacy, reading cubes, Story Cubes, pre-school education, kindergarten
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Text comprehension in primary school students - oral reading vs listening comprehension
Kubíková, Adéla ; Špačková, Klára (advisor) ; Kucharská, Anna (referee)
The main aim of the thesis are the mapping the level of understanding narrative text for student of fifth grade primary school with the typical development of reading skills. The thesis deal with the relationship between listening comprehension and reading comprehension. The thesis is traditionally divided into a theoretical and empirical part. The first part of the thesis prestnts the theoretical background research problems of comprehension the text. Attention is focused mainly on the domain of listening comprehension and reading comprehension, including a summary of the current state of knowledge about the relationship between both skills in foreign and Czech studies, as well as the diagnostics of reading and prerequisites that are reflected on the comprehensions the text. In the practical part are conclusions expected on its own research, which was attended by 40 students taught by the analytic-synthetic metod of reading, are compared with the results of the three year research project GAČR - Reading complrehension - typical development and its risks, where attended 59 students of fifth grade primary school taught by the same reading method. In addition to comprehension level will be monitored by level of basic language skills.
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